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Passenger numbers
The Straßenbahn Frankfurt am Main was founded in 1872 and is part of the public transportation in Frankfurt am Main.
The rail network of the streetcar is the Frankfurt Transport Society operated (VGF). It is part of the Rhine-Main transport association s and today consists of nine regular and two special tram lines. In 2010, the route length was 63.55 km. [1] In the same year, the tram carried 49.2 million passengers, [1] which amounts to about 19.7% of public transport in Frankfurt equivalent. [2]
In the History of the tram Frankfurt am Main, there were a large number of private and public operators, one of the first electric tram in the world and transport policy conflicts. After decades in Frankfurt working to abolish the streetcar in the early 1990s, a shift occurred in the urban transport policy. Since then reinvested in new vehicles and lines invested. After the 2005 update of overall transport plan for Brno [3] by 2015, a number of expansion projects planned.
History[]
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Overview[]
Frankfurt tram car 167 of the Railroad Company in the Transport Museum Schwanheim
The route network in 1899
The tram service began in Frankfurt on 19 May 1872 with the opening of the first horse car line, the other lines followed. 1884 was followed by the power-powered narrow gauge - line of the FOTG, the first commerce Jelle powered electric streetcar Germany s. Despite their immature and vulnerable drive technology remained the only meter gauge-owned line in Frankfurt's Tram transport more than 20 years in operation. 1888/89 opened two private companies lines steam tram. 1891 two other companies were experimenting with the electric drive and put it on In line or batteries, which resulted in both cases to lasting success. Only in 1899 the first electric trams were running with the pole used to date overhead line for DC with a voltage of 600 V, a technique that prevailed.
In addition to various private companies participated in 1898 the city of Frankfurt tram services, from 1906, the neighboring city of Offenbach, the tram network with the Frankfurt line was connected. The last private street railway company was in 1955 in municipal ownership of, since 1968 the Frankfurt City Works are the only operator in the region.
Early years[]
Historical Frankfurt tram from 1884
Horse tram in the FTG at the last stop "Born Home Schooling" in Bornheim before the "Nassauer farm "(now" Solzer ") in the Straße, 1879
The Frankfurt Tram Railway Company (FTG), a Belgian private company, opened in 1872 a horse car. This was Frankfurt's first tram line, still n with horses as draft animal s. She led by Schönhof in the then neighboring city of Bockenheim on the Bock Warte to Home Guard. In quick succession that first line was supplemented by another in 1898 ran the FTG lines 16 to 30 km of lines. The track gauge equivalent to the standard gauge in conventional railways of 1435 mm.
1884 was followed by another private company, the Frankfurt-Offenbach Tram Railway Company (FOTG), with a sensational new feature: a usable by the public electric tramway. Until now, the world only two electric trams, in 1881 opened Siemens test track in Lichterfelde in Berlin and a cross-country railway in Mödling in Vienna. They operated on the route between the endpoints German master-Quai next to the Old Bridge in Sachsenhausen by the municipality of Oberrad by Mathildenplatz in the neighboring city of Offenbach. The track was built in meter gauge and was incompatible with the tracks of the FTG. Also operatively she remained a foreign body in the first tram system, the electric drive was not yet technically mature and caused many mishaps.
The Frankfurt local railway AG (FLAG) and the Frankfurt Forest Railway, which opened in 1888 and 1889, suburban routes in the north and south of the city were therefore designed as a steam tram en.
The International Electrotechnical Exhibition 1891 was the occasion for further experiments with electric trams. The company Schuckert & Co. related this top and Leds, while Siemens & Halske drives their trams with the help of battery en. The FTG experimented in 1897 with battery trams.
In 1898, the FTG was taken over by the city of Frankfurt. The first concession for the construction and operation of an electric tram for 99 years, the city of Frankfurt am Main, 20 . January 1898 by the president in Wiesbaden awarded [4]
Then began the following year, the electrification of the network. Meanwhile, the enforced (to use today) pole overhead line as a reliable system. By 1904 all former horse tram lines were electrified in 1901 acquired the route followed FLAG 1908th The Draft Horses were electrical replaced power car. Frankfurt Forest Railway in 1898, acquired the routes were still used until 1929 as a steam trams.
The expansion of the network[]
After completion of the electrification, they turned to the further expansion of the network. The rapidly growing city called for development of new residential districts, many neighboring communities could incorporate themselves to Frankfurt and guarantee for connection to the tram network. Besides the FLAG that opened in 1901 postal tramway, the 1899 Homburger neighboring network opened and Bus-1906 Tram Offenbach were now all the lines in the hands of the municipal tram Frankfurt.
The growth phase lasted until the late 1930s. Frankfurt 1938, the number of tram lines with 32 the highest, the power at that time had an area of about 125 kilometers achieved. The following Second World War soon led to numerous interruptions in the tram system, but only when the war came to a complete standstill.
The post-war reconstruction[]
Tram type on the Zeil J (1960)
In rebuilding the war-torn city played an important role in transport planning. Wide road corridors were pulled through the old town. Also for the tram were large plants, such as the large knot at the Home Guard and the Central Station.
From 1945 to 1950 reversed two marked as "Roundup" lines exclusively for members of the U.S. armed forces. They served both the traffic inside the fenced until mid-1948, large "restricted area" and its connection with the smaller restricted area Heddernheim "Roman town." In order to avoid the "big exclusion zone", had to be put diversions. The Eschersheimer road was connected with the corner of the Marbachweg Landstraße.
Upon completion of the reconstruction still some road extensions followed in outer suburbs, such as for Top (1953) and Enkheim (1957) (first since 1977, belonging to Frankfurt). In 1955 the city of Frankfurt, the FLAG and its two suburban lines took over for Oberursel and Bad Homburg.
Decommissioning[]
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With the start of construction of the Frankfurt U-Bahn 1963 line closures began on the tram. U and S-Bahn to replace the trams in the medium term altogether. The first subway line was opened in 1968, the second in 1974, the central S-Bahn tunnel 1978th Any progress on the rail network led to the closure of tram routes in order to avoid inefficient parallel transport.
With the opening of the third metro line in 1986, the "Rail Free City" to be created: The tram should - to a predominant part replacement Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag The Lord Mayor of Frankfurt Wolfram Brück criticized this decision and threatened with the withdrawal of Frankfurt from the Frankfurt Transport Association. Two days before the scheduled opening of the new metro line bridge, the opening of the U-Bahn postponed indefinitely and banned all opening ceremonies. [H 1]
Only several weeks later signaled the <- Group? Als weitere Neubaustrecke wurde 2003 eine Strecke' onmouseout="this.style.backgroundColor='#fff'">Due to partisan disputes and the resistance of the Frankfurt Transport Association the one who saw a parallel road to the subway, delayed the completion of the line was, however, until 1999. [5] Another new line 2003, a distance Bock's home to the new development area Rebstock connected to the transportation network. In the current overall transport plan from 2004 to 2015 are provided for the construction of several new tram routes, and further optimization measures in the existing network. The required investment is estimated to be approximately 75 million €. Then would the streetcar 2015, a share of about 6% of the expected 3.6 million daily journeys of people.
decided by the municipal 2006, the city government not to build any other metro routes more.
After the expiry of the extension of the concession from 1898 in 2011, a public procurement of local transport services in the European Union in accordance EU regulation 1191/69 due . This is done by the local transport company (LNG) traffiQ [6] At a staff meeting <- which operation -> in December 2008 announced the Frankfurt Transport Department Head Lutz Sikorski, however, to favor a direct award of the rail sector [7]
Lines[]
Lines of today's network[]
Overview[]
Today there are eleven o'clock in Frankfurt tram lines. These are seven main lines (diameter, tangential and feeder lines), two reinforcement lines and two special lines:
| Line | Type | lines | Stops Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag The city of Offenbach lay still and the route of the line between the old cemetery and the town square, where a Stumpfendstelle arose. In later years, the last stop was rebuilt once again and the route it reduced by a few meters.
These vehicles had as its successor, the "P" car validators for the Offenbach city as Offenbach not a member of the FVV [8] and it was for this reason since 1907 [H 2] two separate tickets required. From 31 December 1991 was a joint ticket available. Cite error: Closing Also, the establishment of the tram link to Bad Vilbel by the magistrate at present due to higher operating costs compared to a bus service that tracks not only a little higher speed and large gradient of 10% of theroadFrankfurter on the outskirts of Bad Vilbel. <ref> comparisons de/download/B_458_2006.pdf Report 458 of the Magistrates of 13 October 2006 </ ref> Vehicles[] Niederflurwagen Series S Template:Main article The power car series are designated in Frankfurt in chronological order with letters. The Frankfurt tram used electrification of the almost two-axis drive and trailer from different manufacturers, which in 1955 by saloon car from | were replaced DUEWAG Düwag . Since 1993 the procurement of low-floor vehicles (series R and S) that since 1 . April 2007, the high-floor vehicles in the series Pt total replacement. Since the phasing out of the series N in 2004 only go bi-directional vehicles in the regular service. Individual dump cars than serviceable Museum Vehicles survived and come to Special trips occasionally used. The vehicles of the Apple Wine Express and Lies is converted two-axle of the series K. From almost all previous series, a copy has been preserved, they are in the Transport Museum located in Frankfurt-swan home. Depots, depots, warehouses car[]The depot opened in 2003 east Template:Main article Currently, the Frankfurt tram has two depots, two warehouses and light rail cars central workshop.
Former street railway companies in the suburb area[]Apart from the aforementioned premises of the
See also[] Children's tram
Itemization[]
Literature[]
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